Unfactorized versus factorized calculations for ²H(e,e^′p) reactions at GeV energies

In the literature, one often finds calculations of (e,e^′p) reactions at GeV energies using the factorization approach. Factorization implies that the differential cross section can be written as the product of an off-shell electron-proton cross section and a distorted missing momentum distribution. While this factorization appears in the nonrelativistic plane wave impulse approximation, it is broken in a more realistic approach. The main source of factorization breaking is final state interactions. In this paper, sources of factorization breaking are identified and their numerical relevance is examined in the reaction ²H(e,e^′p) for various kinematic settings in the GeV regime. The results imply that factorization should not be used for precision calculations, especially as unfactorized calculations are available.