Physical Review C

In order to test ab initio calculations of light nuclei, we have remeasured lifetimes in ¹⁰Be using the Doppler shift attenuation method (DSAM) following the ⁷Li(⁷Li,α)¹⁰Be reaction at 8 and 10 MeV. The new experiments significantly reduce systematic uncertainties in the DSAM technique. The J^π=2_...

We have measured the branching ratio of the three-body process in the nonmesonic weak decay of _Λ¹²C to be 0.29±0.13. This result was obtained by reproducing the nucleon and the nucleon pair yields introducing a measured final state interaction. At the same time, we have determined the absolute dec...

We show that the fundamental seismic shear mode, observed as a quasiperiodic oscillation in giant flares emitted by highly magnetized neutron stars, is particularly sensitive to the nuclear physics of the crust. The identification of an oscillation at ≈30  Hz as the fundamental crustal shear m...

The transition from hadronic to quark matter at high density is a strong first order phase transition if the surface tension between the two phases is large. While this implies a constant-pressure mixed phase in cold neutron star matter this is not the case for the hot and lepton rich matter of prot...

A hadron resonance gas model including all known particles and resonances with masses mlt;2  GeV and an exponentially rising density of Hagedorn states for mgt;2  GeV is used to obtain an upper bound on the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, η/s≈1/(4π), of hadronic matter near T_...

We discuss inhomogeneous ground states of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio and quark-meson model within mean-field approximation and their possible existence in the respective phase diagrams. For this purpose we focus on lower-dimensional modulations and point out that known solutions in the 2+1 and 1+1 dim...

We derive expressions for pion electroproduction amplitudes in the 1/N_c expansion of QCD, and obtain from them linear relations between the electromagnetic multipole amplitudes that hold at all energies. The leading-order relations in 1/N_c compare favorably with available data (especially away from ...

An attempt to confirm the reported direct one-proton and two-proton decays of the (21+) isomer at 6.7(5) MeV in ⁹⁴Ag has been made. The 0.39(4) s half-life of the isomer permitted use of a helium-jet system to transport reaction products from the ⁴⁰Ca+^natNi reaction at 197 MeV to a low-background...

The non-Abelian Landau-Pomeranschuk-Migdal (LPM) effect arises from the quantum interference between spatially separated, inelastic radiation processes in matter. A consistent probabilistic implementation of this LPM effect is a prerequisite for extending the use of Monte Carlo (MC) event generator...

For a hard parton moving through a dense QCD medium, we compute self-consistently the energy loss and the fraction deposited into the medium due to showering and rescattering of the shower, assuming weak coupling between probe and medium. The same transport coefficients thus determine both the energ...

A description of fragmentation functions which satisfy the momentum and isospin sum rules is presented in an effective quark theory. Concentrating on the pion fragmentation function, we first explain why the elementary (lowest order) fragmentation process q→qπ is completely inadequate to describe...

Cross sections for the ³He(e,e^′pn)¹H reaction were measured for the first time at energy transfers of 220 and 270 MeV for several momentum transfers ranging from 300 to 450  MeV/c. Cross sections are presented as a function of the momentum of the recoil proton and the momentum transfer. Conti...

Present ultrafast laser optics is at the frontier between atto- and zeptosecond photon pulses, giving rise to unprecedented applications. We show that high-energetic photon pulses down to the yoctosecond time scale can be produced in heavy-ion collisions. We focus on photons produced during the init...

We report the first confirmation of the predicted inversion between the π2p_3/2 and π1f_5/2 nuclear states in the νg_9/2 midshell. This was achieved at the ISOLDE facility, by using a combination of in-source laser spectroscopy and collinear laser spectroscopy on the ground states of ^71,73,75Cu, whi...

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we compute the radiative energy loss of a slowly decelerating heavy quark with mass M moving through a supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma at temperature T and large ’t Hooft coupling λ. The calculation is carried out in terms of perturbations in sqrt[λ] T/M, and ...

We consider theories where the standard model (SM) neutrinos acquire masses through the seesaw mechanism at the weak scale. We show that in such a scenario, the requirement that any preexisting baryon asymmetry, regardless of its origin, not be washed out leads to correlations between the pattern of...

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged kaons are used to probe Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_NN] =200  GeV and are compared to charged pion probes, which have a larger hadronic scattering cross section. Three-dimensional Gaussian source radii are extracted, along with a one-dimensional kaon emission ...

The scaling properties of jet-suppression measurements are compared for nonphotonic electrons (e^±) and neutral pions (π⁰) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_NN] =200  GeV. For a broad range of transverse momenta and collision centralities, the comparison is consistent with jet quenching dominated by...

We compute the entropy density of the confined phase of QCD without quarks on the lattice to very high accuracy. The results are compared to the entropy density of free glueballs, where we include all the known glueball states below the two-particle threshold. We find that an excellent, parameter-fr...

The results on polarized parton densities obtained using different methods of QCD analysis of the present polarized DIS data are discussed. Their dependence on the method used in the analysis, accounting or not for the kinematic and dynamic 1/Q² corrections to spin structure function g₁, is demonstr...

We present a calculation of the three-quark core contribution to the mass of the Δ resonance in a Poincaré-covariant Faddeev framework. A consistent setup for the dressed-quark propagator, the quark-quark and quark-”diquark” interactions is used, where all the ingredients are solutions of thei...

We report results for the masses of the flavor nonsinglet light 0⁺⁺, 1^--, and 1^+- mesons from unquenched lattice QCD at two lattice spacings. The twisted mass formalism was used with two flavors of sea quarks. For the 0⁺⁺ and 1^+- mesons we look for the effect of decays on the mass dependence. For th...

Finite range calculations for the (α, 2α) reactions are performed for the first time to remove huge inconsistencies obtained earlier in conventional zero range analyses. Vagaries of the energy dependent experimental observations up to 200 MeV are understood using the well-established nuclear radi...

Independent verification of the production of element 114 in the reaction of 244-MeV ⁴⁸Ca with ²⁴²Pu is presented. Two chains of time- and position-correlated decays have been assigned to ²⁸⁶114 and ²⁸⁷114. The observed decay modes, half-lives, and decay energies agree with published results. The me...

We employ the Gamow shell model (GSM) to describe low-lying states of the oxygen isotopes ²⁴O and ²⁵O. The many-body Schrödinger equation is solved starting from a two-body Hamiltonian defined by a renormalized low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction and a spherical Berggren basis. The Berggr...

The collective wobbling mode, the strongest signature for the rotation of a triaxial nucleus, has previously been seen only in a few Lu isotopes in spite of extensive searches in nearby isotopes. A sequence of transitions in the N=94 ¹⁶⁷Ta nucleus exhibiting features similar to those attributed to t...

A high-energy-resolution magnetic spectrometer has been used to measure the ¹²C excitation energy spectrum to search for the 2⁺ excitation of the 7.65 MeV, 0⁺ Hoyle state. By measuring in the diffractive minimum of the angular distribution for the broad 0⁺ background, evidence is found for a possib...

We investigate the role of the pion in covariant density functional theory. Starting from conventional relativistic mean field (RMF) theory with a nonlinear coupling of the σ meson and without exchange terms we add pions with a pseudovector coupling to the nucleons in relativistic Hartree-Fock appr...

By making use of the isospin conservation by strong interaction, the Fermi 0νββ nuclear matrix element M_F^0ν is transformed to acquire the form of an energy-weighted double Fermi transition matrix element. This useful representation allows reconstruction of the total M_F^0ν provided a small isospi...

We report on the first measurement of the absolute transition strength BE2;0₁⁺→2₁⁺) in the self-conjugate nucleus ⁶⁸Se. It is found that the 0₁⁺→2₁⁺ transition displays a strength similar to that for the triaxial ⁶⁴Ge nucleus, in sharp contrast to the much stronger collectivity observed for the...

The spin-flip M1 giant resonance is explored in the framework of the random-phase-approximation (RPA) on the basis of the Skyrme energy functional. A representative set of eight Skyrme parametrizations (SkT6, SkM*, SLy6, SG2, SkO, SkO’, SkI4, and SV-bas) is used. Light and heavy, spherical and def...

For the first time, excited states in ¹⁸⁵Pb have been observed in in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic measurements using the recoil-decay tagging method. The resulting level scheme reveals a strongly coupled yrast band structure that originates from coupling of the i_13/2 quasineutron to a prolate deformed ...

We study the energy and angular distributions of two emitted neutrons from the dipole excitation of two typical, weakly bound Borromean nuclei, ¹¹Li and ⁶He, by using a three-body model. Our calculation indicates that those distributions are considerably different between the two nuclei, even though...

We compute the binding energy of neutron-rich oxygen isotopes and employ the coupled-cluster method and chiral nucleon-nucleon interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order with two different cutoffs. We obtain rather well-converged results in model spaces consisting of up to 21 oscillator s...

Electromagnetic dipole absorption cross sections of transitional nuclei with large-amplitude shape fluctuations are calculated in a microscopic way by introducing the concept of instantaneous-shape sampling, which is based on slow shape dynamics as compared with fast dipole vibrations. The dipole st...

Starting from the striking similarity of proton-neutron multiplets in ¹³⁴Sb and ²¹⁰Bi, we perform a shell-model study of nuclei with two additional protons or neutrons to find out to what extent this analogy persists. We employ effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potentia...

We investigate the dineutron correlations in ⁷H. The ground state of ⁷H is solved by superposing many AMD (antisymmetrized molecular dynamics) Slater determinants with various t+n+n+n+n configurations based on AMD triple-S (AMD superposition of selected snapshots). The mixing of dineutron cluster co...

The triaxial rotor model with independent inertia and electric quadrupole tensors is applied to the P₃ term, P₃=〈0₁||T̂(E2)||2₁〉〈2₁||T̂(E2)||2₂〉〈2₂||T̂(E2)||0₁〉, which is a standard measure of quadrupole interference in collective nuclei. It is shown that the model naturally explains ...

The development of a continuum-bin scheme of discretization for three-body projectiles is necessary for studies of reactions of Borromean nuclei such as ⁶He within the continuum-discretized coupled-channels approach. Such a procedure, for constructing bin states on selected continuum energy interval...

The density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy is inspected using the statistical multifragmentation model with Skyrme effective interactions. The model consistently considers the expansion of the fragments’ volumes at finite temperature at the freeze-out stage. By selecting parametrization...

We introduce a microscopic approach for calculating the excitation energies of systems formed during heavy-ion collisions. The method is based on time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory and allows the study of the excitation energy as a function of time or ion-ion separation distance. We discuss h...

Nucleon transfer in symmetric heavy-ion reactions at energies below the Coulomb barrier is investigated in the framework of a microscopic stochastic mean-field theory. Although mean field alone is known to significantly underpredict the dispersion of the fragment mass distribution, a considerable en...

A finite-temperature model of strongly correlated nucleons with underlying isospin symmetries is developed. The model can be used to study the role of bound states and Feshbach resonances on the thermal properties of a spin 1/2, isospin 1/2 system of protons and neutrons by varying the proton fracti...

The Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model with relativistic mean fields is used to simulate p̅ -nucleus collisions. Antiproton absorption cross sections and momentum distributions of annihilation products are calculated by varying the p̅ coupling strength to the mean...

Suppression measurements for neutral pions (π⁰) are used to investigate the predicted path length L and transverse momentum p_T dependent jet quenching patterns of the hot QCD medium produced in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_NN] =200 GeV. The observed scaling patterns show the predicted trends for jet-...

The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider presents measurements of J/ψ→e⁺e^- at midrapidity and high transverse momentum (p_Tgt;5 GeV/c) in p+p and central Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt[s_NN] =200 GeV. The inclusive J/ψ production cross section for Cu+Cu collisions is found to be ...

Within a parton transport model, we show that diffusion wakes and Mach cone wakes produced from energy loss by a fast parton propagating in the quark-gluon plasma lead to the observed azimuthal angular correlations of hadrons in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The magnitude and shape of the wakes ...

The elastic energy loss encountered by jets produced in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) off a large nucleus is studied in the collinear limit. In close analogy to the case of (nonradiative) transverse momentum broadening, which is dependent on the medium transport coefficient q̂, a class of medium ...

As a new and clean probe to the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP), we propose an azimuthal correlation of an electron and a muon that originate from the semileptonic decay of charm and bottom quarks. By solving the Langevin equation for the heavy quarks under the hydrodynamic evolution ...

High-statistics β-decay measurements of ¹¹²Ag and ¹¹²In were performed to study the structure of the ¹¹²Cd nucleus. The precise energies of the doublet of levels at 1871 keV, for which the 0⁺ member has been suggested as a possible daughter state following neutrinoless double electron capture of ^11...

The half-life for double-β decay of ¹⁵⁰Nd has been measured by the NEMO-3 experiment at the Modane Underground Laboratory. Using 924.7 days of data recorded with 36.55 g of ¹⁵⁰Nd, we measured the half-life for 2νββ decay to be T_1/2^2ν=(9.11_-0.22^+0.25(stat.)±0.63(syst.))×10¹⁸ yr. The observed l...

A measurement of the inelastic component of the key astrophysical resonance in the ¹⁴O(α,p)¹⁷F reaction for burning and breakout from hot carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycles is reported. The inelastic component is found to be comparable to the ground-state branch and will enhance the ¹⁴O(α,p)¹⁷F r...

We calculate neutrino processes involving two nucleons at subnuclear densities using chiral effective field theory. Shorter range noncentral forces reduce the neutrino rates significantly compared with the one-pion exchange approximation currently used in supernova simulations. For densities ρlt;1...

It is revealed that in the normal phase of dense relativistic matter in a magnetic field, there exists a contribution to the axial current associated with a relative shift of the longitudinal momenta in the dispersion relations of opposite chirality fermions. Unlike the topological contribution in t...

Isobarically purified beams of ⁷⁷Cu with energies of 225 and 0.2 MeV were used at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory to study β decay into states in ⁷⁷Zn. Data taken at 225 MeV allowed the determination of absolute branching ratios relative to the decay o...

The extraction of the nuclear incompressibility from isoscalar giant monopole resonance (GMR) measurements is analyzed. Pairing may play a role in the shift of the GMR energy between the doubly closed shell ²⁰⁸Pb nucleus and other Pb isotopes. Pairing effects are predicted microscopically using the ...

We employ the Gamow shell model (GSM) to describe low-lying states of the oxygen isotopes ²⁴O and ²⁵O. The many-body Schrödinger equation is solved starting from a two-body Hamiltonian defined by a renormalized low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction and a spherical Berggren basis. The Berggr...

The emission of two protons, a highly exotic decay process, has been reported from the high-spin 21⁺ isomer in ⁹⁴Ag [I. Mukha , Nature (London) 439, 298 (2006)]. Recent experimental results from γ-ray spectroscopy and Penning trap mass measurements, as well as theoretical predictions, are difficult...

The transient-field technique has been used to measure, with considerably improved precision, the g factors of the 3/2⁺ and 5/2⁺ states in ¹²⁵Te at 444 and 463 keV, respectively, relative to the g factor of the first excited state in ¹²⁶Te. Together with shell model and weak-coupling core-excitation...

Using the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN the Coulomb excitation cross sections for the 0_gs⁺→2₁⁺ transition in the β-unstable isotopes ^100,102,104Cd have been measured for the first time. Two different targets were used, which allows for the first extraction of the static electric quadrupole moments ...

Experimental α decay energies and half-lives are investigated systematically to extract α particle preformation in heavy nuclei. Formulas for the preformation factors are proposed that can be used to guide microscopic studies on preformation factors and perform accurate calculations of the α deca...

I study the nuclear structure function F₂^A and its logarithmic derivative in the high-energy limit (small-x region) using the color glass condensate formalism. In this limit the structure function F₂ depends on the quark-antiquark dipole-target scattering cross section N_F(x_bj,r_t,b_t). The same dipole...

Initial eccentricity and eccentricity fluctuations of the interaction volume created in relativistic collisions of deformed ¹⁹⁷Au and ²³⁸U nuclei are studied using optical and Monte Carlo (MC) Glauber simulations. It is found that the nonsphericity noticeably influences the average eccentricity in c...

We calculate the lowest-order charm and beauty parton distribution functions in and fragmentation functions into D and B mesons using the operator definitions of factorized perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In the vacuum, we find the leading corrections that arise from the structure of the ...

Suppression measurements for neutral pions (π⁰) are used to investigate the predicted path length L and transverse momentum p_T dependent jet quenching patterns of the hot QCD medium produced in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_NN] =200 GeV. The observed scaling patterns show the predicted trends for jet-...

We investigate the photoproduction of ρ mesons in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies in the dipole approach and within two phenomenological models based on the color glass condensate (CGC) formalism. W...

With the advent of new photon-tagging facilities and novel experimental technologies, it has become possible to perform photoproduction cross-sectional measurements of pseudoscalar mesons on nuclei with percent-level accuracy. The extraction of the radiative decay widths from these measurements at f...

Total and differential cross sections for η and η^'photoproduction off the proton have been determined with the CBELSA/TAPS detector for photon energies between 0.85 and 2.55 GeV. The η mesons are detected in their two neutral decay modes, η→γγ and η→3π⁰→6γ, and for the first time, co...

High-statistics differential cross sections for the reactions γp→pη and γp→pη^' have been measured using the CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab for center-of-mass energies from near threshold up to 2.84 GeV. The η^' results are the most precise to date and provide th...

We derive the leading two-pion-exchange contributions to the two-nucleon electromagnetic current operator in the framework of chiral effective field theory using the method of unitary transformation. Explicit results for the current and charge densities are given in momentum and coordinate space.

We report the preparation of a ⁸³Kr^m source and its use in calibrating a liquid xenon detector. ⁸³Kr^m atoms were produced through the decay of ⁸³Rb and introduced into liquid xenon. Decaying ⁸³Kr^m nuclei were detected through liquid xenon scintillation. Conversion electrons with energies of 9.4 and ...

The effects of δ mesons on the dynamical instabilities of cold and warm nuclear and stellar matter at subsaturation densities are studied in the framework of relativistic mean-field hadron models (NL3, NLρ, and NLρδ) with the inclusion of the electromagnetic field. The distillation effect and th...

Within the framework of the dinuclear system (DNS) model, production cross sections of new superheavy nuclei with charged numbers Z=108–114 are analyzed systematically. Possible combinations based on the actinide nuclides ²³⁸U, ²⁴⁴Pu, and ^248,250Cm with the optimal excitation energies and evaporat...

The development of a continuum-bin scheme of discretization for three-body projectiles is necessary for studies of reactions of Borromean nuclei such as ⁶He within the continuum-discretized coupled-channels approach. Such a procedure, for constructing bin states on selected continuum energy interval...

The angular distributions of protons and α particles emitted in ⁶Li(d,p)⁷Li, ⁶Li(d,α)⁴He, and ⁷Li(d,α)⁵He(g.s.) reactions induced by 100 keV deuterons were studied at 30^°, 50^°, 90^°, 120^°, and 140^° laboratory angles. The differential cross sections and the total reaction cross sections have b...

The isospin dependence of the saturation properties of asymmetric nuclear matter, particularly the incompressibility K (X) = K + Kt X2 + O(X4) at saturation density is systematically studied using density dependent M3Y interaction. The Kt characterizes the isospin dependence of the incompressibility at saturation density r0. The approximate expression Kasy Ksym-6L is often used for Kt where L and Ksym represent, respectively, the slope and curvature parameters of the symmetry energy at r0. It can be expressed accurately as Kt=Ksym-6L-\fracQ0KL where Q0 is the third-order derivative parameter of symmetric nuclear matter at r0. The results of this addendum to Phys. Rev. C 80, 011305(R) (2009) indicate that the Q0 contribution to Kt is not insignificant.

Large scale shell model calculations with an effective interaction derived from the realistic G-matrices were performed for N=80 isotones for which so-called mixed-symmetry states were recently observed experimentally. Calculated spectra are shown to be in good agreement with data. The calculated transition rates reveal the necessity for modifying the strength of the pairing interaction. The structure of mixed-symmetry 2+ states is analyzed in terms of seniority components and by decomposition into the Q-phonon scheme.

Excited states in have been identified for the first time using the 106Cd(60Ni,3p) fusion evaporation reaction. Gamma rays were detected by the JUROGAM g-ray spectrometer and recoil discrimination was achieved by utilising the RITU gas-filled separator in conjunction with the GREAT spectrometer situated at the focal plane of RITU. The yrast states are assigned to a strongly-coupled rotational band based on a ph11/2 configuration. This structure exhibits a large signature splitting at low spins which disappears after the paired band crossing due to the alignment of a pair of i13/2 neutrons. This effect is ascribed to triaxial shape changes induced by the core polarizing properties of the deformation aligned h11/2 proton and the rotational aligned i13/2 neutrons. Two additional strongly coupled band structures have been established and are discussed in terms of octupole-vibrational and two-quasiparticle excitations built on the yrast structure. The experimental results are compared with predictions from cranked-shell model and total Routhian surface calculations.

We study systematically the impact of the time-even tensor terms of the Skyrme energy density functional, i.e.nbsp;terms bilinear in the spin-current tensor density, on deformation properties of closed shell nuclei corresponding to 20, 28, 40, 50, 82, and 126 neutron or proton shell closures. We compare results obtained with three different families of Skyrme parameterizations whose tensor terms have been adjusted on properties of spherical nuclei:(i)TIJ interactions proposed in the first paper of this series [T.nbsp;Lesinski et al., Phys.nbsp;Rev.nbsp;C 76, 014312 (2007)] which were constructed through a complete readjustment of the rest of the functional (ii) parameterizations whose tensor terms have been added perturbatively to existing Skyrme interactions, with or without readjusting the spin-orbit coupling constant. We analyse in detail the mechanisms at play behind the impact of tensor terms on deformation properties and how studying the latter can help screen out unrealistic parameterizations. It is expected that findings of the present paperare to a large extent independent of remaining deficiencies of the central and spin-orbit interactions, and will be of great value for the construction of future, improved energy functionals.

A systematical study of neutron-rich even-even Fe isotopes with neutron number 32 - 42 is carried out by using the Projected Shell Model. Calculations are performed up to spin I=20 state. Irregularities found in the yrast spectra and in B(E2) values are discussed in terms of neutron excitations to the high-j orbital g9/2. Furthermore, the neutron two-quasiparticle structure of a low-K negative-parity band and the proton two-quasiparticle structure of a high-K positive-parity band are predicted to exist near the yrast region. Our study reveals a soft nature for the ground state of N 40 isotopes and emphasizes the important role of the neutron g9/2 orbital in determining the structure properties for both low- and high-spin states in these nuclei.

The first spectroscopic study for the b decay of 21N has been carried out based on the b-n, b-g and b-n-g coincidence measurement . The neutron rich 21N nuclei were produced by the fragmentation of the E/A = 68.8 MeV 26Mg primary beam on a thick 9Be target, and were implanted into a thin plastic scintillator which also plays the role of b detector. The time-of-flight of the emitted neutrons following the b decay were measured by the surrounding neutron sphere and neutron wall arrays. In addition four Clover Germanium detectors were used to detect the b-delayed g rays. Thirteen new b-delayed neutron groups were observed with a total branching ratio of 90.5 4.2%. The half-life for the b decay of 21N was determined to be 82.9 7.5 ms. Level scheme of 21O is deduced up to about 9 MeV excitation energy. The experimental results for the b decay of 21N were compared to the shell model calculations.

The nucleus 140Nd was investigated using g-g coincidence and angular correlations techniques following the e/b+ decay of 140Sm and 140Pr. Spins, gamma decay intensities, and E2/M1 mixing ratios were extracted from the data. The 23+ and 24+ states were identified as possible mixed-symmetry states, based on mixing ratios obtained for observed decays to the 21+ state. The relationship between the decay pattern of these two candidate states and underlying shell structure in this mass region are discussed.

A new version of the generalized density-dependent cluster model is presented to describe an a particle tunneling through a deformed potential barrier. The microscopic deformed potential is numerically constructed in the double folding model by the multipole expansion method. The decay width is computed using the coupled-channel Schr#246;dinger equation with outgoing wave boundary conditions. We perform a systematic calculation on a-decay half-lives of even-even nuclei ranging from Z=52 to Z=104, including 65 well-deformed ones. The calculated a-decay half-lives are found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. There also exists good agreement with the available experimental branching ratios for well-deformed systems.

Different formulas relying measurable fragment isotopic observables to the symmetry energy of excited nuclei have been proposed and applied to the analysis of heavy ion collision data in the recent literature. In this paper we examine the quality of the different expressions in the framework of the McGill Canonical Thermodynamic Model. We show that even in the idealized situation of canonical equilibrium and in the absence of secondary decay, these formulas do not give a precise reconstruction of the symmetry energy of the fragmenting source. However, both isotopic widths and isoscaling appear very well correlated to the physical symmetry energy.

The effects of the final state interaction in slow proton production in semi inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes off nuclei, A(e,ep)X, are investigated in details within the spectator and target fragmentation mechanisms; in the former mechanism, the hard interaction on a nucleon of a correlated pair leads, by recoil, to the emission of the partner nucleon, whereas in the latter mechanism proton is produced when the diquark, which is formed right after the g*-quark interaction, captures a quark from the vacuum. Unlike previous papers on the subject, particular attention is paid on the effects of the final state interaction of the hadronizing quark with the nuclear medium within an approach based upon an effective time-dependent cross section which combines the soft and hard parts of hadronization dynamics in terms of the string model and perturbative QCD, respectively. It is shown that the final state interaction of the hadronizing quark with the medium plays a relevant role both in deuteron and complex nuclei; nonetheless, kinematical regions where final state interaction effects are minimized can experimentally be selected, which would allow one to investigate the structure functions of nucleons embedded in the nuclear medium; likewise, regions where the interaction of the struck hadronizing quark with the nuclear medium is maximized can be found, which would make it possible to study non perturbative hadronization mechanisms.

We have measured the fusion excitation function for the 9Li + 208Pb reaction for near barrier projectile c.m. energies of 23.9 to 43.0 MeV using the ISAC2 facility at TRIUMF. The a-emitting evaporation residues (211-214At) were stopped in the 208Pb target and their decay was measured. The isotopic yields at each energy were in good agreement with the predictions of a statistical model code (HIVAP). The measured fusion excitation function shows evidence for substantial sub-barrier fusion enhancement not predicted by current theoretical models. There is a suppression of the above barrier cross sections relative to these model predictions. The implications of this measurement for studying the fusion of 11Li with 208Pb are discussed.

Within the Improved Quantum Molecular Dynamics (ImQMD) Model incorporating the statistical decay Model, the reactions of 238U+238U at the energy of 7.0A MeV have been studied. The charge, mass and excitation energy distributions of primary fragments are investigated within the ImQMD model and de-excitation processes of those primary fragments are described by the statistical decay model. The mass distribution of the final products in 238U+238U collisions is obtained and compared with the recent experimental data.

Synthesis of superheavy element 120 in terms of the 50Ti + 249-252Cf fusion-evaporation reactions is evaluated and discussed. It is found that the reactions 250,251Cf(50Ti, 3n)297,298120 and 251,252Cf(50Ti, 4n)297,298120 are relatively favorable with the maximum evaporation residue cross sections of 0.12, 0.09, 0.11 and 0.25 pb, respectively. However, 252Cf may be difficult to be target because its spontaneous fission will bring about serious background in the experiment. Fusion probabilities for different target-projectile combinations leading to the formation of surperheavy nucleus 302120 are estimated with "fusion-by-diffusion" model, and presented as a function of the Coulomb parameter Z1Z2/(A11/3+A21/3). Among the reactions 50Ti + 252Cf, 54Cr + 248Cm, 58Fe + 244Pu and 64Ni + 238U, the reaction 50Ti + 252Cf has the largest fusion probability. Synthesis of superheavy element 120 is of essential importance for the judgment whether the magic proton shell should be at Z=114 or at higher proton numbers Z=120-126. Therefore, the experiment on the production of the isotopes with Z = 120 in the fusion reactions 50Ti + 250,251Cf is of great interest.

Alpha particle evaporation energy spectra have been measured as a function of gamma-ray fold for various target-projectile systems leading to residual nuclei in the range of Z ~ 70 and A ~ 180 with excitation energy of 30 - 40 MeV. The inverse level-density parameter K was determined for various nuclei by comparing the high energy part of the a particle evaporation spectra with PACE2 predictions. It is seen that the inverse level-density parameter remains constant for all systems studied in the present work within statistical errors in the angular momentum range of 15(h/2p) to 30(h/2p). The fold-gated a-particle energy spectra in the present systems are well reproduced by the PACE2 code with level-density parameter value of A/(8.2 1.1) MeV-1.

We generalize to the time-dependent case the stationary Internal DFT / Kohn-Sham formalism presented in Ref. . We prove that, in the time-dependent case, the internal properties of a self-bound system (as an atomic nuclei or a Helium droplet) are all defined by the internal one-body density and the initial state. We set-up a time-dependent Internal Kohn-Sham scheme as a practical way to compute the internal density. The main difference with the traditional DFT / Kohn-Sham formalism is the inclusion of the center-of-mass correlations in the functional.

The energy and angular dependence of double differential cross sections d2s/dWdE were measured for p,d,t,3,4He, 6,7Li, 7,9Be, and 10,11B produced in collisions of 0.175 GeV protons with Ni target. The analysis of measured differential cross sections allowed to extract total production cross sections for ejectiles listed above. The shape of the spectra and angular distributions indicate the presence of other nonequilibrium processes besides the emission of nucleons from the intranuclear cascade, and besides the evaporation of various particles from remnants of intranuclear cascade. These nonequilibrium processes consist of coalescence of nucleons into light charged particles during the intranuclear cascade, of the fireball emission which contributes to the cross sections of protons and deuterons, and of the break-up of the target nucleus which leads to the emission of intermediate mass fragments. All such processes were found earlier at beam energies 1.2, 1.9, and 2.5 GeV for Ni as well as for Au targets, however, significant differences in properties of these processes at high and low beam energy are observed in the present study.

The (e, ep0) cross section of 12C has been measured at an energy transfer of 60 MeV and a momentum transfer of 104.4 MeV/c, using a 197.5 MeV continuous electron beam. The cross section at missing momenta between 181.5 and 304.8 MeV/c obtained from the experiment is compared with theoretical calculations based on the relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation (RDWIA) with and without meson exchange currents (MEC). The contribution of MEC due to the seagull current is large in the high missing momentum region, in particular for the longitudinal component. The cross sections calculated using three different current conserving operators (cc1, cc2, cc3) are similar, in contrast to the (g,p) reaction, where the operators give very different results. The shape of the measured cross section is well described by the calculations, whereas its magnitude is slightly smaller than the calculations.

The presence of baryonic matter leads to the mixing between transverse r and a1 mesons through a set of wra1-type interactions, which results in the modification to the dispersion relation. We show that a clear enhancement of the vector spectral function appears below s=mr for small three-momenta of the r meson, and thus the vector spectrum exhibits broadening. We also discuss its relevance to dilepton measurements.

The expression for the spin susceptibility c of degenerate quark matter is derived with corrections upto O(g4lng2). It is shown that at low density, c-1 changes sign and turns negative indicating a ferromagnetic phase transition. To this order, we also calculate sound velocity c1 and incompressibility K with arbitrary spin polarization. The estimated values of c1 and K show that the equation of state of the polarized matter is stiffer than the unpolarized one. Finally we determine the finite temperature corrections to the exchange energy and derive corresponding results for the spin susceptibility.

In this work, we examine the effect of bulk viscosity on elliptic flow taking into account the critical behavior of the EoS and transport coefficients near the QCD phase transition. We found that the pT dependence of v2 is quantitatively changed by the presence of the QCD phase transition. Within reasonable values of the transport coefficients, v2 decreases by a factor of 15% at low pT ( < 1 GeV). However, for larger values of pT ( > 2 GeV), the interplay between the velocity of sound and transport coefficient near the QCD phase transition enhances v2. We further point out that Grad's 14 moments approximation cannot be applied for the calculation of the one-particle distribution function at the freeze-out.

The computation of radiative energy loss in a finite size QCD medium with dynamical constituents is a key ingredient for obtaining reliable predictions for jet quenching in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We here present a theoretical formalism for the calculation of the first order in opacity radiative energy loss of a quark jet traveling through a finite size dynamical QCD medium. We show that, while each individual contribution to the energy loss is infrared divergent, the divergence is naturally regulated once all diagrams are taken into account. Finite size effects are shown to induce a non-linear path length dependence of the energy loss, recovering both the incoherent Gunion-Bertsch limit, as well as destructive Landau-Pomeanchuk-Migdal limit. Finally, our results suggest a remarkably simple general mapping between energy loss expressions for static and dynamical QCD media.

The formation of a deeply-bound K- pp state with I=1/2, Jp=0- by the 3He(in-flight K-, n) reaction is theoretically investigated in a distorted-wave impulse approximation using the Green's function method. The expected inclusive and semi-exclusive spectra at pK- = 1.0 GeV/c and qlab = 0 are calculated for the forthcoming J-PARC E15 experiment. We demonstrate these spectra with several phenomenological K--"pp" optical potentials Uopt(E) which have an energy-dependent imaginary part multiplied by a phase space suppression factor, fitting to recent theoretical predictions or experimental candidates of the K-pp bound state. The results show that a cusp-like peak at the pSN threshold is an unique signal for the K-pp bound state in the spectrum including the [K-pp] Y + N decay process from the two-nucleon K- absorption, as well as a distinct peak of the K-pp bound state. The shape of the spectrum is explained by a trajectory of a moving pole of the K-pp bound state in the complex energy plane. The importance of the [K-pp] Y + N spectrum is emphasized in order to extract clear evidence of the K-pp bound state.

Measured values of the differential cross sections for pion-nucleon charge exchange, p-p p0n, are presented for p- momenta of 103, 112, 120, 130, 139, 152, and 178nbsp;MeV/c. Complete angular distributions were obtained by using the Crystal Ball detector at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Statistical uncertainties of the differential cross sections vary from 3% to 6% in the backward angle region, and from 6% to about 20% in the forward region with the exception of the two most forward angles. The systematic uncertainties are estimated to be about 3% for all momenta.

We consider the spin response of a normal Fermi liquid with noncentral interactions under conditions intermediate between the collisionless and hydrodynamic regimes. This problem is of importance for calculations of neutrino properties in dense matter. By expressing the deviation of the quasiparticle distribution function from equilibrium in terms of eigenfunctions of the transport equation under the combined influence of collisions and an external field, we derive a closed expression for the spin-density-spin-density response function and compare its predictions with that of a relaxation time approximation. Our results indicate that the relaxation time approximation is reliable for neutrino properties under astrophysically relevant conditions.

Abstract not available